The Best Medicine To Take For A Cold
Colds are one of the most common illnesses that people suffer from, especially during the winter months. They are caused by viruses that infect the upper respiratory system, and can cause symptoms such as cough, runny nose, sore throat, fever and headache. While there is no cure for the common cold, there are many over-the-counter medicines that can help to relieve its symptoms. In this article, we will discuss the best medicines to take for a cold, how they work, and the possible side effects.
Decongestants
Decongestants are medicines that help to relieve nasal congestion, which is a common symptom of a cold. They work by constricting the blood vessels in the nasal passages, which reduces swelling and opens up the airways. There are two types of decongestants: oral and nasal. Oral decongestants come in the form of tablets or capsules, and are taken by mouth. Nasal decongestants come in the form of sprays or drops, and are applied directly into the nose.
Common examples of oral decongestants include pseudoephedrine and phenylephrine. These medicines are available over-the-counter, but may be kept behind the pharmacy counter due to their potential for abuse. Nasal decongestants include oxymetazoline and phenylephrine, which are available over-the-counter. However, it is important to use these medicines as directed, as overuse can lead to rebound congestion.
Pain Relievers
Pain relievers are medicines that help to relieve the pain and discomfort associated with a cold. They work by reducing inflammation and blocking pain signals in the body. Common examples of pain relievers include acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and aspirin. These medicines are available over-the-counter, but it is important to read the label and use them as directed. Aspirin should not be given to children under the age of 18, as it has been linked to a rare but serious condition called Reye's syndrome.
Cough Suppressants
Cough suppressants are medicines that help to relieve coughing, which is a common symptom of a cold. They work by blocking the cough reflex in the brain. Common examples of cough suppressants include dextromethorphan and codeine. These medicines are available over-the-counter or by prescription, depending on the strength. However, it is important to use cough suppressants as directed, as overuse can lead to serious side effects.
Antihistamines
Antihistamines are medicines that help to relieve the symptoms of allergies, which can sometimes be mistaken for a cold. They work by blocking the action of histamine, which is a chemical that causes allergic reactions. Common examples of antihistamines include loratadine, cetirizine, and diphenhydramine. These medicines are available over-the-counter or by prescription, depending on the strength.
It is important to note that antihistamines can cause drowsiness, so they should not be taken before driving or operating heavy machinery. In addition, they can interact with other medicines, so it is important to talk to a doctor or pharmacist before taking them.
Conclusion
While there is no cure for the common cold, there are many over-the-counter medicines that can help to relieve its symptoms. Decongestants, pain relievers, cough suppressants, and antihistamines are some of the most common medicines used to treat a cold. However, it is important to use these medicines as directed, and to talk to a doctor or pharmacist before taking them. In addition, it is important to get plenty of rest, drink fluids, and practice good hygiene to prevent the spread of the virus.
